The Standard Model of particle physics
Matter is divided into atoms, atoms into nuclei and electrons, nuclei into protons and neutrons, and nucleons into quarks. Particles that cannot be further divided are called elementary particles. The Standard Model is an effective theory of elementary particles and the interactions between them. It describes a framework in which Fermi particles, which constitute matter, and Bose particles, which mediate the electromagnetic, strong, and weak forces. Although the validity of the theory has been verified by various experiments, it has unsolved problems and mysteries, suggesting the existence of unknown physics beyond the model.





